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Moscow
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Annotation. This article will examine the biographies of two dynasties: the Comnenus (Byzantine Empire) and the XXVIII dynasty of the rulers of Pharaoh Egypt, more precisely: two triples of the rulers of these dynasties, namely the Egyptian pharaohs (total reign: 1375 BC – 1315 BC AD): Amenhotep IV, Tutankhamun, Horemheb; and Byzantine emperors (general rule 1143 AD – 1185 AD): Manuel I Comnenus, his son Alexei II, Andronic I Comnenus.
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The reason for finding matches in the biographies of the rulers of Byzantium and the New Kingdom of Egypt is the discovery of the fact that the majority of consonants coincide, as well as their order in the hieroglyphic reading of the name of the god Amon and the name Komnin, namely:
 
And mn n |
Ko mn and n (Ko mn hnoi) |
Separately, the characters are read as follows:
A more detailed study of the biographies of the Comnenus and the Egyptian pharaohs, containing in their names the name of the god Amon, led to the identification of two triples of successive rulers with a large number of coincidences of facts in their respective biographies. Moreover, the joint histories of the reign of the triples of these rulers have very similar plots.
In what follows, we will call Amenhotep IV and Manuel I – rulers – “heretics”, Tutankhamen and Alexei II – “juvenile” rulers, and Horemheb and Andronicus I – rulers – “reducing agents of primordial order”.
Then briefly, the history of the rule of these two triples (from the beginning of the “heretic” board and at the end of the board as “restores of the primordial order”), based on the coincidences in their biographies, can be described as follows.
After the emperor, the “heretic,” ascended to the throne, he carried out a radical religious revolution in the life of the entire state, which is not supported by the main population of the country and therefore is doomed to failure. At the same time, the board was marked by the appearance of considerable luxury, the disintegration of discipline, and the weakening of the state’s positions in the external arena. After the death of the ruler, the “heretic,” under the regency of the beautiful wife of the “heretic,” the “young” heir begins to rule. In the short period of the “minor” emperor’s reign, there is a reversal of state policy to the primordial order, existing before the “heretic” came to power and the beginning of the pogrom of his heritage. Soon, having full real power, the ruler rises to the throne – “the restorer of the primordial order”, who, even under the “heretic” emperor, was a significant dignitary, but could not claim the throne by origin. To confirm the legitimacy of the accession to the throne, he marries a relative of the emperor, the “heretic.” Possessing extraordinary energy, he embarks on fundamental reforms of the state, which lead to the complete restoration of the previous order in religion, a tough fight against the abuse of officials and improving the lives of citizens, devoting themselves to strengthening the state. With his death, the dynasty is interrupted.
A more detailed description of the matches in the biographies of the rulers, confirmed by quotations, is given below. We will use the work of A.A. as the main source of quotations for Komnin biographies. Vasiliev – “The History of the Byzantine Empire” [1] , and according to the biographies of the pharaohs – D. Brested, B. Turaev “The History of Ancient Egypt” [2] . If we use another source of information, we additionally note this fact.
1. Amenhotep IV (Akhenaton) and Manuel I Comnenus
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Amenhotep IV (Akhenaton) (years of government: 1375 – 1354 BC) |
Manuel I Komnenos (years of government: 1143 – 1180 AD) |
| 1.1. |
The coincidence of the majority of consonants, as well as their order in the hieroglyphic reading of the part of the personal name of Pharaoh (Waenra Amen hotep), containing the name of the god Amon and the name of Comnenus, namely: |
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And mn n |
Ko mn and n (Ko mn h n oi) |
| 1.2. |
The period of government is marked by the greatest religious revolution of the original way of life of the state. |
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“… Amenhotep IV declared all the gods of Egypt false, and called Aton, the true god, the cult of which existed in Egypt already in the Middle Kingdom as one of many local cults in areas of middle Egypt, but was not widely distributed.” “It was not the Twilight of the Gods that painted the king’s eyes, but their complete destruction … official service to various gods ceased throughout the country, and their names were erased everywhere on the monuments where they could be found.” |
The main milestone of the government was a deviation towards the Latins: “The third Comnenus, Manuel, has already too zealously sacrificed the interests of the Eastern Church to its unrealizable Western policy.” “A convinced fan of the West, a Latino, an ideal type of Western knight …” |
| 1.3. |
The coincidence of the majority of consonants, as well as their order in the hieroglyphic reading of the name of the god Aton and the dominant party, namely: |
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The name of the god Aton:

I tn |
Dominant Party:
La T and N |
| 1.4. |
Public rejection of the transformation of the rulers. |
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“Religion Aton neglected the most primordial popular beliefs … The people did not understand anything in the refinement of the new faith. He only knew that the veneration of the old gods was forbidden and that an alien deity was brought to their place, about which he knew nothing and could not know anything. … Religion of Aton lived only in the dreams of the idealist Akhenaton and a small circle of his courtiers; Amona. ” “… but his (Akhenaton – Avt.) Ideal views and a high desire for peace, apparently, were just as unpopular as they were incomprehensible among his military leaders. … Thus, both the people and the priestly and military classes alike looked for opportunities to overthrow the hated dreamer in the palace of the pharaohs, whose thoughts were incomprehensible to them. ” |
“Latin dominance and neglect of native interests caused general displeasure among the people;the need to change the system was strongly felt. ” |
| 1.5. |
Change of the ruling elite |
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“… Amenhotep IV made a decisive transformation. Removing officials from the old aristocracy from the main state posts, he recruited from the service nobility people who owed their high position not to descent, but solely to the will of the king. |
“A huge number of Western European immigrants appeared at the Byzantine court, and the most advantageous and responsible places in the empire began to pass into their hands.” |
| 1.6. |
Both rulers had a strong character. |
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“But Amenhotep IV was descended from a line of rulers, too powerful and glorious for even the most powerful priesthood in the country to shift him; besides, he personally possessed boundless strength of character … “ |
“Manuel, on the contrary, was a brave warrior, fearless in peril, and decisive in battles.” [four] |
| 1.7. |
Both rulers had a foreign wife-beauty |
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“Nefertiti,” the fairest of the living, “the Mitannian princess and the wife of Akhenaten …” |
“Both times Manuil was married to western princesses: … Manuil’s second wife was the daughter of the Antiochian prince, Maria, French by birth, a wonderful beauty.” |
| 1.8. |
Luxury and significant spending on your favorites |
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“Akhenaten, who understood enough of the Pharaoh’s policy, knew that he should hold on to his party by material rewards, and the main supporters of the movement, like Merier, used his abundant bounty of his hands. Thus, one of the priests of Aton, who at the same time was in charge of the royal horse Aye, who was lucky to marry the royal wage-nurse, says: “He doubles his favors to me in gold and silver …” “He multiplied his mercies to me like sand …” … Although there was undoubtedly a group of people, indeed |
“… the new emperor immediately completely changed the father’s harsh court setting. Fun, love, receptions, luxurious festivals, hunting, fights-tournaments arranged for the Western model — all this spread in a wide wave across Constantinople. Visits to the capital by foreign sovereigns, Conrad III of Germany, Louis VII of France, Kylich-Arslan, the Sultan of Ikonii, and various Latin princes of the East, cost extraordinary money. ”“ Meanwhile, expenses grew. In addition to spending on military enterprises, Manuel lavished huge sums of many foreigners, |
| 1.9. |
Decomposition of state discipline and exhaustion of the masses |
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“The gross omissions over the supervision of the local administration rooted in the reign of Akhenaten and its successors, and the abuses that always arise in the East have grown to incredible proportions. Local officials, who for a long time were not afraid of the control of the central government, everywhere indulged in limitless extortion, exhausting the suffering masses, until, finally, the tax and administrative systems were completely undermined by bribery and depravity of every kind. ” |
“He did indeed go beyond the boundaries established by the former sovereigns, and without any use spent the money he collected, exhausting his subjects with extraordinary taxes and extortion. He not only destroyed the provinces, but also upset the army, as he very sparingly let the money go to the soldiers. ”[four]“Nikita Akominat in his history severely blames Manuel for the destruction of the empire’s sea power.” “Choniates writes … One of the nearby Romans exclaimed in reply (Manuel – Auth.):” Not only now and not for the first time, but for a long time and often, and before intoxication, and without admixture, you drink a cup of Christian blood, plucking and plucking subjects like robbing a field or plucking a grapevine. ” [four]“The historian Nikita Khoniat paints us a vivid picture of the general discontent with Manuel’s financial policy. The Greeks of the Ionian Islands, not being able to bear the burden of taxes, went over to the side of the Normans. ” |
| 1.10. |
Confiscation of church estates |
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“The priesthood, including the Amon corporation, lost its possessions …” |
“Like Alexey Komnin, Manuil improved his finances by confiscating secular and church estates and restored, as is well known, the famous novel by Nikifor Foki of 964 about church and monastery land ownership.” |
| 1.11. |
Ignoring events in Asia |
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“The faithful vassals of Akhenaten sent one messenger after another to him, sent special ambassadors, sons and brothers to him describing the seriousness of the situation, but they either did not receive an answer at all, or a commander with absolutely insufficient forces was sent to make futile and unsophisticated attempts master the situation … “ |
“If John focused his attention on the East in foreign policy, then his successor, Manuel, was especially involved in Western politics, especially due to Norman relations and his personal sympathies towards the West, which had sad consequences for the empire. The Seljuk danger, which did not find proper resistance in the person of Manuel, again became a thunderstorm on the eastern border. ” |
| 1.12. |
By the end of the rule, there is a significant weakening of the empire’s position in Asia. |
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Loss of possessions in Asia: “… no matter how much we blame him (Akhenaten – Author ) for the loss of the Asian empire, which he allowed to slip out of his hands …” |
The battle at Miriokefalon in 1176 finally destroyed the last hope of Byzantium for the possibility of ousting the Turks from Asia Minor.There was no question of any serious offensive policy of the empire in the East after that. With difficulty, she could guard the border and repel the Seljuk crowds that did not cease to penetrate into Byzantine territory. The battle of Miriokefalon, according to the historian Kugler, “decided forever the fate of the whole East.” |
| 1.13. |
An extraordinary person, in particular, the author of religious works |
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“For worship in the temple and for his own prayers, the king composed two hymns in honor of Aton, which were both carved by the nobles on the walls of the prayers of their tombs. Of all the documents that have survived from the epoch of this one-of-a-kind coup, the anthems of Ehnaton are the most interesting … “ |
“He devoted himself to the elaboration of the temple ritual, and the theologizing tendency was somewhat reflected in the freshness of hymns in honor of God.” “Emperor Manuel, fond of astrology, wrote an apology for“ astronomical science, ”under which astrology must be understood, against attacks on it by the clergy, and, moreover, was the author of various theological works and official imperial speeches.Thanks to the theological research of Manuel, his panegyrist Eustathius the Thessalonian called his rule “the imperial priesthood” (priesthood) or the “kingdom of priests” (Ex. 19:26). Manuel was not only interested in literature and theology. He sought to interest others. ” |
| 1.14. |
Unreasonableness of the plans of the rulers |
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“Religious-political reform of Amenhotep IV – Akhenaton was doomed to failure in advance, as the socio-economic basis and ideology of ancient Egyptian society remained unchanged.” |
“So, Manuil, both in his secular, foreign policy, and ecclesiastical, failed completely. The reason for the latter is that the policy of the emperor in both areas was only his personal policy, which did not have any serious real ground: the restoration of a single empire was no longer possible; Manuel’s Uniate aspirations did not find any response among the masses of the empire. ” |
| 1.15. |
Despite all the discontent of the population, both rulers were not overthrown, but died their own death. |
| 1.16. |
The beginning of the irreversible collapse of the empire |
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One of the chapters describing the events of the reigns of Ehnaton and his successors to Horemheb is called:
“The end of Ehnaton and the collapse of the empire”. |
“The newest historian of the time, Manuel, assesses his policy in such a way:“ Manuel was lucky enough to die rather early not to see the unfortunate consequences of his policy, consequences that the perspicious minds of some of his contemporaries had already noticed. will not be able to restore the affairs of the empire. In subsequent years, the fall will go very quickly forward: it is fair to say that it began from the time of Manuel’s reign. “ |
2. Tutankhamen and Alexey II Komnen
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Tutankhamen (years of government: 1354 – 1345 BC) |
Alexey II Komnen (rule: 1180 – 1183 AD) |
| 2.1. |
The coincidence of the majority of consonants, as well as their order in the hieroglyphic reading of the personal name of the pharaoh (Tutankhamun Hekaiunushem), containing the name of the god Amon and the name of Comnenus, namely: |
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And mn n |
Ko mn and n (Ko mn h n oi) |
| 2.2. |
They are the legal and immediate heirs of the ruler – “heretic” |
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“How can this be concluded on the basis of some of the images found by G. Carter in Tutankhamen’s tomb, Akhenaten still survived Smenkhkar and managed to appoint Tutankhamun himself as his receiver.” [3] |
It is considered the heir of Manuel: “To the son and heir of Manuel, Alexey II (1180-1183) …”. |
| 2.3. |
“Young” heirs – the closest relatives of the rulers – “heretics” |
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“… another daughter – Anhensenpaaton later became the wife of Tutankhaton, the future pharaoh Tutankhamun. Nothing is known about the origin of Smenhkar and Tutankhaton. In any case, all the hypotheses and guesses of the Egyptologists who were engaged in this interesting question for the political history of Egypt and a question essential for establishing the correct chronology can be reduced to two main assumptions: they were either Akhennon’s half brothers, or his sons from other women ….In any case, the mummies of Smenhkar and Tutankhaton reveal an undoubted family resemblance to the images of the heretic king. ”[3] |
Is the son of Manuel: “Son and the heir of Manuel, Alexei II (1180-1183), was barely twelve years old.” |
| 2.4. |
Relatively short term of government |
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“Tutankhaton reigned about six years.” [3]According to other data – about ten years.“(1354 – 1345 BC)” |
The term of government is 2 years (1180 AD – 1183 AD) |
| 2.5. |
Early age of death |
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According to the report on the examination of the mummy Tutankhamen: “Obviously Tutankhamen should have been between seventeen and nineteen years old, but it would be more correct to keep the average figure and assume that he was about eighteen years old.” [3] |
Age of death – 14 years |
| 2.6. |
Despite their young age, both were married and left young widows of the same age. |
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“… the young wife was left a widow when she was barely seventeen or eighteen years old.” [3] |
To strengthen his position, he married the widow of Alexei II, Agnes (Anne) of France, who was only 12 years old at the time of his fictitious death (as he had then only about 14 years old). ” |
| 2.7. |
Rule the regency of the wives of the rulers of “heretics”, and beauties |
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“Governs under the regency of Nefertiti” [3] |
“Regent was declared his mother, Mary of Antioch.” |
| 2.8. |
During the reign of the “minor” emperor, a reversal of the state policy to the original order that existed before the “heretic” came to power and the pogrom of his heritage began |
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“… and Tutankhaton, having begun to reign in Ahetaton, was soon to go to the compass in order to maintain his position. He left the city of his father-in-law and moved the courtyard to Thebes … Circumstances also forced him to start restoring the disfigured names of Amon, who were expelled from the monuments of Akhenaten, and his restorations are now found in the south as far as Soleb in Nubia. Tutankhaton was forced to make another serious concession to the priests of Amon: he changed his name to Tutankhamun (“The Living Like of Amon”) … “ |
“Indeed, the government of Alexei II, who was a child, and his mother, tried to rely on the Latin elements hated by society, but after Andronicus entered the capital and was proclaimed regent, the situation changed. The government fell into his hands, and since the end of 1182 his policies have been openly hostile to the Latins. “” When news of the Andronicus movement came, the large metropolitan mob unleashed its hatred towards the Latins: not distinguishing between sex and age; a drunken mob smashed not only private houses, but also Latin churches and charities; in one hospital, the patients lying in beds were killed; the papal ambassador was beheaded after shouting; many Latins were sold into slavery in the Turkish markets. ” |
3. Horemheb and Andronnik I Komnen
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Horemheb (rule: 1350 – possibly 1315 BC) |
Andronnik I Komnen (years of government: 1183 – 1185 AD) |
| 3.1. |
The coincidence of the majority of consonants, as well as their order in the hieroglyphic reading of the part of the personal name of Pharaoh (Horemhe Meriamon), containing the name of the god Amon and the name of Comnenus, namely: |
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And mn n |
Ko mn and n (Ko mn h n oi) |
| 3.2. |
Had a notable origin, but did not allow to become the supreme ruler |
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“Haremheb, as he was called, belonged to an old family name, once the nomarchs of Alabastronpol …” |
“Andronicus, nephew of John II and cousin of Manuel I, belonged to the younger Comnins line suspended from the throne” |
| 3.3. |
Significant dignitaries of the times of the rulers- “heretics” |
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“… he was entrusted with significant orders, and he was awarded gold for outstanding service. He was in charge of the Asian fugitives fleeing from Khabiri from Palestine to Egypt, and he sent several officials to restore order there. With Ehnaton or his successors, he was sent to the south on an errand, relating to tribute, and at the same time, like in all other official matters, he showed himself to be a resourceful and capable man. He distinguished himself in an Asian company under the command of one of Akhenaton’s receivers, probably Tutankhamun … ” |
“In the same year, he accompanied the emperor (Manuel — Auth.) During the siege of Zevgmin and built an amazing throwing machine of such strength that stones launched from it crushed the wall. In 1166 Manuil appointed Andronicus ruler of Cilicia and sent him to Tarsus. ” [four] |
| 3.4. |
Had full power in the state long before the official accession to the throne. |
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“And during the vague era of rapid alternation of weak kings, behind Akhenaten, he behaved so skillfully that he gradually took a powerful and influential position. Finally becoming the commander-in-chief and first adviser in the palace, he called himself “the greatest of the great, the most powerful of the powerful, the great sovereign of the people, the royal herald at the head of the army of the South and the North, the elect of the king dominating both countries, the commander over the warlords of the Lord of “. This title was never worn by any officer subordinate to the king …. Haremheb was the sovereign bearer of the power of the throne, the king appointed him head of state, the executor of the laws of both countries, as the hereditary prince of the whole country. He alone had no rivals … This state of affairs lasted several years, and in 1350 BC he actually became king, and all that was left for him to do was get the titles and distinctions of the royal dignity. ” |
“Since the court affairs settled at the request of Andronicus, he himself boarded the ship in April 1183. moved to the capital …. Then Andronik began to dispose of public affairs at his own discretion, and he gave the emperor indulgence in hound hunting and spending time in other amusements. He placed either his own sons or people loyal to him to the top positions, and he dismissed many of the former nobles and imprisoned them in a dungeon … When all the enemies of Andronicus were destroyed, nothing prevented the implementation of his secret plans.In September 1183 a crowd of followers proclaimed him emperor …[four] |
| 3.5. |
Were married to confirm the legality of the right to the throne on the relatives of the rulers- “heretics” |
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“But the new Pharaoh should have had any legal right to the crown, and this also did not keep himself waiting; after the oracle of Amon declared him the son of Ra and heir to the kingdom, Haremheb proceeded to the palace and married the princess Mutnojmet, the sister of Ehnaton, Nefernefruaton. … her position as the “Divine Spouse,” or High Priestess of Amon, and as the princess of the royal line was enough to make the accession to the throne of Haremheb completely legitimate. ” |
“In 1183, a sixty-three-year-old Andronicus became the sovereign of the empire. To strengthen his position, he married the widow of Alexei II, Agnes (Anne) of France, who was only 12 years old at the time of his fictitious death (as he had then only about 14 years old). ” |
| 3.6. |
Extraordinary energy. |
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“The energy, through which Haremheb achieved a high position, immediately affected how he manifested himself in him.” |
“Andronicus, nephew of John II and cousin of Manuel I, belonged to the younger, suspended from the throne line of Comneni, the hallmark of which was extraordinary energy, sometimes directed through the wrong path.” |
| 3.7. |
Unusual modesty in the images |
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“He left untouched on her (the tomb – Auth.) All his old official titles, as a military leader, etc., which we have already mentioned, and only placed his royal names and titles around them.Everywhere on the reliefs in the tomb prayer, where his image was found, he ordered a serpent (urey) to be carved on his forehead, so that it was clear that he was an image of the king. ” royal urey, he is depicted “in the form of a peasant.” |
“Among other things, Nikita wrote that Andronicus ordered to erect a statue near the northern entrance to the Church of the Forty Martyrs. The emperor was represented there not in imperial robes, not with gold jewelery appropriate to the ruler, but as an employee (as a worker) tired of work, in very modest robes holding a braid. ” |
| 3.8. |
Final victory over the coup of the rulers – “heretics” |
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“He began to vigorously restore the proper organization in the country, which she once possessed …. He introduced order in the country, he strengthened it, as it was in the days of Ra (when the solar god was pharaoh) …. “He restored the temples from the Delta marshes to Nubia. He made them (gods) images in large numbers than before, multiplying beauty in what he did … He erected temples for them; He made hundreds of images, correctly reproducing their bodies (decorating them) with all sorts of wonderful gems. He restored the frontiers of the gods in the provinces of this country; as it was from time immemorial … “… The people again began to openly worship countless gods, which in the continuation of the primacy of Aton he did in secret. Sculptures of the king were sent out across the country to continue the restoration begun by Tutankhamun and to restore the names of the gods, discredited and erased by Akhenaten on the monuments he disfigured. ”
“Everything was done to destroy the slightest traces of the reign of this man, and when in official proceedings you had to quote documents or acts from his reign, they called him“ a criminal from Ahetaton ”… Amon’s triumph was complete …” |
The archbishop of Athens, Mikhail Akominat (Choniates), one of the most valuable sources for the inner situation in the empire in the 12th century, wrote in ecstatic tones: Andronicus, in order to cast off oppressing Latin tyranny, which, like weeds, took root in the young escape of the kingdom. … The first thing he gave to the capital in response to her pure love was liberation from tyrannical Latin arrogance and liberation of the empire from barbarians their impurities. “ |
| 3.9. |
Tough fight against abuse of dignitaries: corruption and bribery of officials and judges. Increase revenue dignitaries. |
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“Laws were drafted to prevent embezzlement and extortion of officials when collecting the country’s products into separate treasuries …. At the same time, he took the opportunity to find suitable people whom he could confer with responsibility for the proper administration of justice, which also accumulated many abuses since the Ehnaton coup. ” namely, it reduced gold and silver tax on all local court officials and allowed them to retain in their favor all the income from their posts so that they would not have an apology for the illegal actions that enriched them. But he went even further: by organizing local chambers across the country, he introduced an extremely strict law against receiving any bribe by a member of the local chamber, or “council” …. In order to bind official officials to himself, as well as to protect them from the need to receive income from a dubious source, Kharemheb gave them a very generous content. ” |
“Andronicus diligently embarked on reforms. The appeal of many officials of the empire was increased to make them less accessible to bribe;judges appointed honest and incorruptible people; tax levies were eased and mercenary tax collectors were severely punished. Strict measures were taken against large landowners, and many members of the Byzantine aristocracy were executed. Mikhail Akominat wrote: “We have long known that you are soft to the poor, terrible in relation to the greedy, that you are the protector of the weak and the enemy of the rapist, that you do not incline Themis’s scales either to the left or to the right, |
| 3.10. |
Caring for the prosperous life of citizens and the welfare of the state |
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“These laws consisted of at least nine paragraphs, and all of them were directed against extortion from the poor by fiscal and administrative officials. The punishments were harsh … ” when my majesty recalled the cases of oppression occurring in the face of the country. ”These sound philanthropic reforms provide Haremheba with a high position in the history of managing people … ” Having become a king, he could justly say: “Behold, His Majesty spent all the time pursuing the welfare of Egypt.” |
“With Andronicus, the new party came to power.””This last representative of the Comneni dynasty,” wrote F. I. Uspensky, “was, or at least seemed to be, the people’s king, the king of the peasants. The people sang songs about him and composed poetic legends, traces of which are preserved in the annals and markings on the unpublished the manuscripts of Nikita Khoniat’s “History.” A contemporary of Andronicus, historian Nikita Choniates paints this idyllic picture: “Everyone, according to the prophet, calmly lay under the shade of his trees and, gathering grapes and the fruits of the earth, ate them with pleasure and slept pleasantly, not being afraid of the threats of the tax collector, not thinking of the predatory and greedy collector of duties, not being afraid of robbing his grapes, and not imagining that they were stealing his harvest; but who bestowed upon Caesar’s Caesarean, no one else demanded anything more; he was not taken away from him, as sometimes happened before, (the last) was not brought by violence, as was often the case, to death. “Andronicus managed to attract the hearts of the exhausted population, which he idolized. Andronicus “was for the majority more dear than God himself” or, at least, |
| 3.11. |
Personal participation in the reform |
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“To improve these conditions, Haremheb first thoroughly familiarized himself with the size and nature of the evils, and then, in his office, dictated his personal scribe a remarkable series of special and highly developed laws, respectively, with each case that he became aware of.” Haremheb personally traveled from the end to the end of his state. ” |
“… was accessible to all who came to complain about arbitrariness and violence.” |
| 3.12. |
Lack of attention to foreign policy. |
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“With such serious tasks inside the country and with disorganization and anarchy beyond its borders, inherited, Kharemheb, of course, could not pay much attention to foreign wars. He dealt with Asia and knew what to expect from there.Judging by the fact that all attention was absorbed by internal affairs, he seemed to consider the situation outside the country hopeless. ” |
“In foreign affairs, he showed neither strength nor initiative.” |
| 3.13. |
Perhaps a relatively short period of government. |
|
About five years: “Research Acad. V.V. Struve Horemheb reign is determined more accurately – 1342 – 1338 years. BC ” [3]
Although according to other data for about 35 years,“ Consequently, he reigned, apparently, for about 35 years. ” |
Two years. |
| 3.14. |
Significant age of death |
|
Age at death not less than 59 years old – “… reminds of the events of the 59th year of the reign of Haremheb (Mesa inscription)” |
Age at death – 65 years (1120 AD – 1185 AD) |
| 3.15. |
The last rulers of their dynasties |
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“… and the XVIII dynasty slowly came to an end around 1350 BC. er Manetho placed Haremheb, who restored order and occupied the throne of the pharaohs, at the end of the 18th dynasty, but, as far as we know, he was not of royal origin and was not in any relationship with the fallen house “” |
“This tragedy (the death of Andronik – Auth.) Ended the last glorious dynasty of the Comnenas on the Byzantine throne”. |
It is also necessary to add about coincidences in the states governed by the six rulers mentioned above:
|
Pharaoh Egypt |
Byzantium |
| 4.1. |
Both states are empires |
|
Period XVIII dynasty belongs to the first period of the Empire. |
Byzantine Empire |
| 4.2. |
Approximate coincidence of the number of provinces (42 vs. 38) |
|
“The number 42 is generally canonical in Egypt (for example, 42 judges are behind the coffin) and goes from 42 nomes.” |
The question of the provincial (femnoe) management under the Comnenus is not developed. It is known that in the XI century the number of topics reached 38. Due to some changes in the territory of the empire in the XI and XII centuries, in the sense of reducing it, the borders of the provinces and their number could not remain the same. Material for judgment on this issue can be drawn from the novel by Alexei III Angel from November 1198, which refers to the trade privileges granted by the Emperor of Venice and which lists “by name all the areas under the rule of Romagna, in which (the Venetians) should trade. ” List, |
List of references: |